ABSTRACT
Liver diseases are the most common ailment all over the world mostly caused by viruses, toxic chemicals, excessive intake of alcohol, high doses of paracetamol, carbon tetrachloride, chemotherapeutic agents and peroxides oil, etc. There is a great need to assess the scientific basis for the medicinal plants that are claimed to have hepatoprotective activity. We investigate the hepatoprotective effects of aqueous-ethanolic extract of Capparis decidua [Stems] against paracetamol induced liver injury in experimental animals. To observe the level of improvement, biochemical parameters such as SGPT, SGOT, ALP and Total bilirubin levels as well as histopathological changes in liver tissues were studied. Silymarin [50mg/kg, p.o.] was used as reference drug. The levels of the biochemical parameters were increased in rabbits which were intoxicate by paracetamol. Capparis decidua extract [750mg/kg, b.w.] treated rabbits showed maximum reduction of biochemical parameters in a significant [p<0.001] manner. Histopathological examination of the liver tissues of control and treated groups also confirmed the hepatoprotective activity. The phytochemical screening of the extracts revealed the presence of tannins, alkaloids, saponins and flavonoids. The results of the present study therefore suggest that the different doses of Capparis decidua possess significant hepatoprotective effect and this effect might be due to the presence of flavonoids and tannins
ABSTRACT
To determine the efficacy of cefixime in the treatment of uncomplicated typhoid fever in children. It was a descriptive case series. This study was carried out at the Department of Pediatrics, Teaching Hospital D.G Khan Medical College from April 2013 to September 2013. A total of 110 cases fulfilling the inclusion / exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. In this study 8.78 +/- 3.87 years was the commonest age, 68[61.82%] male cases and 42[38.18%] female cases, efficacy of cefixime in the treatment of typhoid fever in children was calculated and in 96[87.27%] cases, efficacy was recorded while only 14[12.73%] cases could not treated effectively. The results of the study reveal that cefixime is safe and effective drug for the treatment of typhoid fever in children. The results of the study reveal that cefixime is safe and effective drug for the treatment of typhoid fever in children
ABSTRACT
Currently in acute coronary syndrome, PCI is most common strategy. No-reflow phenomenon [NR] is one of serious complication. Aim of this study was to evaluate role of intracoronary bolus administration of tiroflban in acute coronary syndrome patients with no-reflow during PCI. It is prospective and observational study. It is multicenter study, conducted in Karachi, Pakistan from August 2011 to July 2013. Total of 62 patients of acute coronary syndrome underwent for PCI and developed no-reflow, received intracoronary bolus tiroflban were included. The angiographic definition of successful reperfusion should include both TIMI 3 flow as well as MBG 2 or 3. No-reflow, assesed by thrombolysis in myocardial infarction [TIMI] flow and myocardial blush grade [MBG] during treatment. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS-16 software. Statistical significance was defined as p-value <0.05. Out of 62 patients, 43 were males .The mean age was 51 +/- 13, range from 37 to 70 years. TIMI flow 1 and 11 seen in 17, 37 patients while MBG 1 and 11 seen in 20 and 33 patients before intracoronary bolus administration of tiroflban. After bolus administration of tiroflban, TIMI flow 111 was seen in 61[98.387 %] out of 62 patients while MBG 11 and 111 was also noted in 61[98.387 %] out of 62 patients. It showed better Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction flow grades and TIMI myocardial perfusion grades [OR 0. 22, 95% CI 0 .12 -0 .39, p-value <0.001] immediately after intracoronary bolus administration of tiroflban in-reflow phenomenon patients during PCI. In patients with ACS, Intracoronary bolus adminstration of tiroflban is effective drug to improve no-reflow during percutaneous coronary intervention especially when patient blood pressure is at lower-side